A 35-year-old club-level tennis player (plays 4 times/week) presents with a 10-week history of right lateral elbow pain, rated 5/10 during backhand strokes. Clinical findings: maximal tenderness 1 cm distal to the lateral epicondyle (ECRB insertion); positive Cozen's test; positive Mill's test; grip strength 24% lower.

A 28-year-old national-level badminton player from Hyderabad complains of lateral elbow pain for 6 weeks, aggravated by overhead strokes. Clinical findings: tenderness over the common extensor origin; positive Cozen's test; positive Mill's test; grip strength deficit on affected side.

A 20-year-old competitive swimmer (butterfly specialist, 60,000 m/week) presents with a 6-week history of right shoulder pain during the catch phase. Examination: painful arc 70-120°; positive Neer's sign; positive Hawkins-Kennedy test; negative empty-can test; full passive ROM.

A 19-year-old female competitive swimmer from Goa reports progressive right shoulder pain over 2 months. Pain is worst during overhead activities and the catch phase. Examination: painful arc; positive Neer's test; positive Hawkins-Kennedy test; signs of subacromial impingement.

A 32-year-old elite 10,000m track athlete presents with a 5-week history of mid-portion Achilles pain (3 cm above calcaneal insertion). Ultrasound: spindle-shaped fusiform swelling; hypoechoic core; no tear. VISA-A score = 62/100. Pain during single-leg heel raise: NRS 3/10.

A 32-year-old kabaddi player from Punjab has chronic mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy. He reports pain 3 cm above the calcaneal insertion that is worst in the morning and improves with activity. VISA-A score is reduced. Which loading strategy is BEST supported by current evidence?

A 24-year-old javelin thrower reports posterior shoulder pain that appears only during the late-cocking phase (maximum abduction and external rotation). Point tenderness over the posterosuperior rotator cuff. Which structure is most likely undergoing internal impingement?

A 17-year-old badminton player from Hyderabad complains of shoulder pain during the late cocking phase of an overhead smash. Clinical examination reveals pain with maximum abduction and external rotation. The pain is localised to the posterosuperior glenoid rim.

A 19-year-old female basketball player reports diffuse anterior knee pain aggravated by squatting, running, and stair climbing, with no history of trauma. Examination shows an increased Q angle and lateral patellar tracking. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 28-year-old basketball player reports anterior knee pain at the inferior pole of the patella, worse with jumping and landing. Examination reveals lateral patellar tracking and a positive Clarke's test. Pain aggravated by prolonged sitting.

A 22-year-old male elite rugby union flanker sustains a first-time anterior glenohumeral dislocation during a tackle (arm in abduction-external rotation). Post-reduction: Bankart lesion confirmed on MRI. At 8 weeks: positive apprehension test in abduction-ER; shoulder strength LSI 89% ER.

A 20-year-old swimmer has recurrent anterior shoulder dislocations, having dislocated three times in the past year. Examination reveals a positive apprehension test in abduction-external rotation and increased anterior translation. MRI confirms a Bankart lesion.